ASTM C356

ASTM C356 – Standard Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking Heat

Description:

Significance and Use

4.1 Linear shrinkage, as used in this test method, refers to the change in linear dimensions that has occurred in test specimens after they have been subjected to soaking heat for a period of 24 h and then cooled to room temperature.

4.2 Most insulating materials will begin to shrink at some definite temperature. Usually the amount of shrinkage increases as the temperature of exposure becomes higher. Eventually a temperature will be reached at which the shrinkage becomes excessive. With excessive shrinkage, the insulating material has definitely exceeded its useful temperature limit. When an insulating material is applied to a hot surface, the shrinkage will be greatest on the hot face. The differential shrinkage which results between the hotter and the cooler surfaces often introduces strains and may cause the insulation to warp. High shrinkage may cause excessive warpage and thereby may induce cracking, both of which are undesirable. High shrinkage may also open gaps at the insulation joints to an excessive extent rendering the application less efficient and more hazardous. In order to predict the limit of permissible shrinkage in service, the degree of linear shrinkage to be tolerated by specimens of an insulating material when subjected to soaking heat must be determined from experience.

4.3 It is recognized that a fixed relation between linear shrinkage under soaking heat and actual shrinkage in service cannot be established for different types of insulating materials. Generally the amount of shrinkage increases with time of exposure. The amount and rate of increase varies from one material to another. In addition, the various types of materials may have different amounts of maximum permissible shrinkage. Therefore, each product must define its own specific limits of linear shrinkage under soaking heat.

Scope

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of linear shrinkage and other changes that occur when a preformed thermal insulating material is exposed to soaking heat. This test method is limited to preformed high-temperature insulation that is applicable to hot-side temperatures in excess of 150°F (66°C), with the exception of insulating fire brick which is covered by Test Method C210.

1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.