ASTM D4060

ASTM D4060 – Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser

Description:

Significance and Use

5.1 Coating on substrates can be damaged by abrasion during its service life. This test method has been useful in evaluating the abrasion resistance of coatings. Ratings produced by this test method have correlated well with ratings produced by the falling abrasive values in Test Method D968.

5.2 For some materials, abrasion tests utilizing the Taber Abraser may be subject to variation due to changes in the abrasive characteristics of the wheel during testing. Depending on abradant type and test specimen, the wheel surface may change (that is, become clogged) due to the adhesion of debris generated during the test and must be resurfaced at more frequent intervals as agreed upon by the interested parties. To determine if more frequent resurfacing is required, plot the total weight loss every 50 cycles. If a significant negative change in slope is observed prior to 500 cycles, the point at which the slope changes determines the resurfacing frequency.

5.3 When evaluating resistance to abrasion of two or more coatings, other factors may need to be considered for an accurate comparison. Flexible coatings that include air entrainment bubbles could alter the mass loss during comparison tests. Coatings that include dense fillers may result in greater mass loss but have less change in coating thickness. Coatings that include silica, metal oxides or other extremely dense particulates, may wear the abrasive wheel. Wear debris that includes extremely dense particulates may cause three-body abrasion that contributes to the break-down of the coating if not removed by the vacuum suction system. Coatings that have a hardness value or coefficient of friction greater than the abrasive wheel may cause the abrasive wheel to break down faster. Coatings that have different coefficient of friction ratings, must be taken into consideration during comparison tests. Examples of coatings that may be impacted include, but are not limited to; epoxies, polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane-methacrylate (PUMA), methyl-methacrylate (MMA), and carbon resin.

NOTE 1: Example—A urethane coating of 20 mil thickness, embedded with 1.2 µm titanium particles resulted in a 2.1 mil loss in coating thickness and 110 mg mass loss. A similar urethane coating without titanium particles, resulted in a 2.9 mil to 3.1 mil loss in coating thickness and 44 mg mass loss.

Scope

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of organic coatings to abrasion produced by the Taber Abraser on coatings applied to a plane, rigid surface, such as a metal panel.

1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, with the exception of mils when determining coating thickness.

1.3 This standard is similar in content (but not technically equivalent) to ISO 7784–2.